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Richest in the technology industry From Gates to Bezos Richest in the technology, No one in history has been as rich as Jeff Bezos, CEO, and founder of Amazon, at the moment and for a year. Its net worth has reached over 150,000 million dollars (the exact figure varies constantly depending on, among other things, the value of the shares it has) and to find someone with whom to compare we have to go decades ago and adjust for inflation. With a few quick calculations we get that the 100,000 million dollars that came to have in 1999 Bill Gates, founder of Microsoft, just before the outbreak of the dotcoms, today would be about 150,000 million dollars. The approximate equivalent to the current fortune of Bezos. John D. Rockefeller, an icon of the American millionaires, got 1.5 billion dollars in 1918, just one hundred years ago. Notable, but that remains at about 25,000 million dollars today. Very far from the figures of Gates and Bezos. Bezos, Gates, and Zuckerberg In 2019 this would be the podium of billionaires in the technology industry. In this graph, we can see how the richest in this sector has evolved since the early nineties, when the era of MS-DOS, of recent AT&T baby bells, of home computers, invading homes. The net worth of each of them, as we said at the beginning of the article, is very variant, so it is possible that some annual amounts have been recorded at different intervals of the year. In any case, it helps us to get an idea of the financial muscle of each of them. Steve Jobs' fortune was inherited by his wife, Laurene Powell Jobs, after his death in 2011. A look at this evolution over the years helps us to verify some facts, such as that the amounts of these fortunes have grown well above inflation, a sign of the growing power that they have been achieving thanks to their increasing relevance in the world. Also, how Microsoft completely dominated the nineties and first two thousand, before moving from being the Windows company to the cloud and Artificial Intelligence company placing Bill Gates, Paul Allen and Steve Ballmer as prominent members in the ranking. On the other hand, Apple, which began to emerge financially at the beginning of the century thanks to the iPod and the Mac and ended up exploding with the arrival of the iPhone, has not had magnates at that level: Jobs was always well below his peers and The personal fortune of his heiress has grown more in recent years than before the death of the founder of the company. Tim Cook is far away: his current net worth is estimated at about 625 million dollars. Money should never be a personal concern for him, but his estate 240 times lower than Bezos plays, as far as he can, in another league. It is also worth stopping in the only Latin American (European there is none) of this list: Carlos Slim, Mexican president of América Móvil. For some years he came to have a fortune superior to that of Bill Gates (let's not forget that in addition to Microsoft's founder he is one of the greatest philanthropists in the world). Although he never became the richest person on the planet, he was crowned the richest among the members of the technology industry, assuming that a teleco fits that group. Another aspect to highlight (and that deserves another visualization of data) is the generational difference of the ranking. The majority of members - from the extended list - are between the ages of fifty and seventy, highlighting the insulting youth of Mark Zuckerberg (35) who contrasts with the most veteran of all, Gordon Moore (90), of Intel. Of course, that of Moore's Law. For the rest, the advance of China: presidents of companies that a few years ago did not exist, such as Tencent (1998) or Alibaba (1999) and that in a short time have reached positions in this top 10. We could also include William Ding, from NetEase (1997), which stays at the doorstep with a net worth of $ 15.4 billion in 2019. Will we see a list dominated by Chinese in 2029? The founder of Amazon, the story of Jeff Bezos | Richest in Technology era Hi Multipliqueros, in today's article we want to take a tour of the history of what is now the richest man in the world: Amazon founder Jeff Bezos, his fortune is valued at more than 100,000 million. Because it inspires us and because seeing cases of such success in the world of e-commerce can motivate us to fight for what we have always dreamed of: setting up and designing our own online store. Who would think that the guy who looks like the next-door neighbor was going to become the richest person in the world? It is clear that in the photo we would say that nobody, but not everything is appearance ... Luckily. Jeff was born in Albuquerque in 1964, four years later his father abandoned them and his mother married a Cuban immigrant named Miguel «Mike» Bezos whose family came from Villafrechós (Valladolid). From the age of 3, his mother insisted that he study at a Montessori school, as did the founders of Google, founder of Wikipedia or even Henry Ford. Years later, Bezos decided to study electronic engineering and communication in Princeton and when he graduated he decided to move to New York to work on Wall Street. One of the companies he was working on was D.E. Shaw & Co, one of the most important funds of the moment and with only 26 years was already vice president. But Jeff Bezos was a person with a very restless and curious attitude, in 1994 reading a report, he discovered that the use of the Internet had grown by 2300% only that year ... and he thought: «I have to be there», so he got down to the work to discover what kind of business should be involved. So he made a list of 20 products that ordinary people would buy frequently and saw that selling books was the best option for price and universality. He wasted no time, he told his partner and they drove to Seattle together, along the way he wrote what would be his first business plan. Jeff asked his parents for money and they gave him $ 300,000 of the savings they had for retirement. With that money, they set up the first office in their home garage in Seattle with 4 workers. He tried to put several different names to the company but his lawyer rejected them for sounding too sinister. So Jeff picked up the dictionary and decided to call his company the Amazon River because it was exotic and sounded majestic. Finally, in 1995, the amazon.com website is launched and very quickly, just a few months later, they receive an investment of $ 8 million from KPCB, so Amazon went public and KPCB multiplied by 55,000% ... Really incredible. In its first two months of life alone, Amazon sold in 45 countries and earned about $ 20,000 / week. The first book sold on Amazon was "Fluid Concepts; Creative Analogies: Computer Models of the Fundamental Mechanisms of Thought" ($ 27.95) and was bought by John Wainwright, an Australian scientist living in Los Gatos (California). The web followed the style of those that existed at that time: gray background with links underlined in blue. But it did not end here, we must bear in mind that the times of the dotcom bubble were, so that only two years later, on May 15, 1997, it began trading on NASDAQ at a price of $ 18.00 per share, and since On the first day the price soared. Making it possible for Amazon to diversify a few months later, adding to the purchase of books, CDs, DVDs, video games, clothes ... However, despite all this massive growth, the founder of Amazon was not a man of many pretensions, and you can see how his offices were a knife in a dodgy neighborhood of Seattle, in fact in the program 60 minutes in 1999 the interviewer He asks Bezos for his sad desk and he replies: “We only spend money on what really matters. The most important thing that the founder of Amazon had was his desire to overcome, specifically Bezos had several obsessions to scale the company and one of them was key. They had to dominate (be great) quickly. In fact, Amazon went into profits while the dotcom bubble swept the other listed companies. It looked clear, working with Jeff was not easy: - A culture focused on customer satisfaction. It is said that you can send an email to jeff@amazon.com - The fame of micromanagement, irascible and wanting to control everything. For what has been a miracle that is so they have managed to get so far. - It is one of those who insist and that is important especially if you do innovation: «We are stubborn on vision. We are flexible on details… We don't give up on things easily. ”(We are stubborn in vision. We are flexible in details… We do not give up easily). If we did a mini summary of the company, Amazon started trading at $ 18 and today is at $ 1,350…. There is nothing more to say, right? The founder of Amazon does not give up and continues with his mantra of investing in "what really matters." If we look at the data, Amazon is the S&P 500 company that invested most in innovation in 2016: Amazon invested $ 16.1 billion Alphabet: 13,900M Intel: $ 12,700M Apple: $ 12,300M And here the story of the founder of Amazon, the richest man in the world. What do you think? It helps us to continue working hard and fight for what we really love. Do you tell us your story? History and Biography of Bill Gates On the Second position, Richest in the technology is (William Henry Gates III; Seattle, Washington, 1955) Computer and American businessman, founder of Microsoft. The fortune of this early programmer, who did not finish his studies and who at 31 was already a billionaire, comes from the overwhelming success of his operating system, the MS-DOS (1981), which would evolve to become the popular Windows 3.1 (1992) and would result in the successive versions of this operating system, ubiquitous to this day in the vast majority of laptops and desktops. It is difficult to judge to what extent it was luck or great intuition to notice that, in the emergence of consumer computing, there was such a valuable market in the manufacture of computers (hardware) as in the creation of the operating system and the programs that were to be used in them (software). The truth is that, while manufacturers competed hard for the hardware, a number of circumstances led to its operating system being extended until there was little competition. In fact, Microsoft has often been accused of monopolistic practices and its founder for lack of true creativity. But, even admitting it, it must be recognized that its effective contribution to the popularization of computer science (and the vertiginous technological escalation that it has entailed) was immense. Biography Bill Gates was born in a wealthy family that provided him with an education in elite centers such as the Lakeside School (1967-73) and Harvard University (1973-77). Always in collaboration with his friend Paul Allen, he introduced himself to the world of computer science by forming a small team dedicated to the realization of programs that were sold to companies or public administrations. In 1975 they moved to Albuquerque (New Mexico) to work by supplying the MITS company with a series of programs that could be used with the first microcomputer, the Altair, for which they had developed a version of the BASIC programming language. That same year they founded their own computer software production company, Microsoft Corporation, in Albuquerque, with Bill Gates as president and CEO. His business was to develop programs tailored to the needs of the new microcomputers and offer them to cheaper manufacturing companies than if they had developed them themselves. When, in 1979, Microsoft began to grow (there were sixteen employees at the time), Bill Gates decided to move his headquarters to Seattle. The software business In the early 1970s, the invention of the microprocessor made it possible to reduce and reduce the size of the gigantic computers existing until then. It was a decisive step towards a dream that was long cherished by many leading companies in the technology sector: building computers of reasonable size and price that would allow computing to be taken to all businesses and homes. The first to arrive could start a highly lucrative business with enormous potential. It was unthinkable that a company like Microsoft, dedicated only to software (operating systems and programs) could play some role in this race among hardware manufacturers, that is, machines. And so it was at the beginning: a competition between computer manufacturers not too honest because there was more than one plagiarism. In the mid-1970s, in a garage packed with cans of oil and household goods, Steve Jobs and Stephen Wozniak designed and built a computer circuit board, a showcase of innovation and imagination. At first, they intended to sell only the license plate, but they soon became convinced of the convenience of setting up a company, Apple and selling computers. In 1977 they began marketing the second version of their personal computer, the Apple II, which was sold with an operating system also created by Apple: a historic milestone that marks the birth of personal computing. Quite naively, Apple made the mistake of letting other companies know the exact specifications of the Apple II. To develop its first personal computer, the IBM company copied and adapted the open architecture of Apple's computer and chose the Intel 8088 microprocessor, which already had 16-bit characters. Thus, in 1981, IBM was able to launch its first PC (Personal Computer). But the operating system of your PC, essential for its operation, had not been created by IBM, but by Microsoft. A year earlier, in 1980, Bill Gates had reached an agreement with IBM to provide an operating system adapted to his personal computers, the MS-DOS, which since 1981 would be installed on all computers of the brand. IBM obtained great commercial success with its PC. With a price that, over the years, would be increasingly affordable, any consumer could buy a small-sized computer, whose applications only increased, and covered both leisure and multiple work activities. But IBM also made mistakes in the use of the patent. Many companies, aware of the great boom that was coming, launched into the manufacture and marketing of compatible PCs, called in clone computer jargon, cheaper than those of IBM. The market was flooded with IBM-compatible personal computers that were running the Microsoft operating system, which could be installed or purchased separately, because, although IBM had commissioned it, the MS-DOS was not their property: it had yielded Sales rights to Microsoft. On the other hand, apart from companies and administrations, users did not always acquire the MS-DOS license. It was very easy to get a copy and install it without paying, which further favored its dissemination. From MS-DOS to Windows There were still other options, but they remained in minorities: thanks to its low cost, the PC plus MS-DOS combination ended up taking over the market and becoming the standard. While computer manufacturers tried to reduce costs, delivered to a price war from which no one could get a dominant position, a software company, Bill Gates, took over the entire operating systems market and much of the programs From that moment, Microsoft's expansion was spectacular. And not only because PCs needed an operating system to function, but also because specific programs and applications (a word processor, a spreadsheet, a game) are developed on the basis of a specific operating system, and that system It was the MS-DOS. Different software companies (and among them Microsoft itself) could develop, for example, different word processors, competing with each other to please the user. But since the vast majority of users had MS-DOS, they developed programs to work with MS-DOS and ended up doing Microsoft a favor, which could boast that all imaginable programs could work on their operating system: theirs and almost All of the competition. That vicious feedback was Microsoft's fabulous asset, and Bill Gates knew how to keep it. The MS-DOS, however, was an unfriendly environment, whose operation required knowledge of commands that were entered through the keyboard. With the launch in 1984 of the Macintosh personal computer, Apple seemed to take the lead again. Its window system was a qualitative leap; Its interface simulated the distribution of a work table through icons. A small device, the mouse, whose movement was reflected on the screen with a blinking icon, allowed it to be scanned for the document or program sought. Instead of having to remember the commands of each of the operations and type them at all times, it was enough to go to the lists of possible actions and click with the mouse on the chosen option. At the moment, those innovations did not seem to shadow Bill Gates. In 1983 Paul Allen left Microsoft, suffering from a serious illness. And when, in 1986, Microsoft went public, the stock traded so high that Bill Gates became the youngest billionaire in history. Overturned in a process of accelerated technological innovation, and in his case imitating Apple's Macintosh more than innovating, Gates launched a graphical interface for MS-DOS called Windows: Windows 3.0 in 1990 and Windows 3.1 in 1992. It was not, in fact, a new operating system, but, as has been said, a graphical interface with mouse, icons and windows under which the old MS-DOS was still running, but it was very well received by users, who finally had of a system as intuitive as that of Macintosh but much more economical when operating on a PC, thanks to which it was easily imposed on the market. The enormous success led to the real renewal that was Windows 95 (in whose campaign worldwide promotion Gates himself assumed the role of prophet of the cyber society as a personification of Microsoft), which would be followed by Windows 98 and the successive versions of this operating system, among which Windows XP (2001) stands out, the first one hundred percent again, which completely neglected the old MS-DOS. Meanwhile, the business had not stopped growing (from the 1,200 employees it had in 1986 to more than 20,000 in 1996), and, with the generalization of Windows, Bill Gates went on to exercise a virtual monopoly of the global software market, reinforced by his victory in the 1993 lawsuit against Apple, which had sued Microsoft for considering that Windows was a plagiarism of its Macintosh's graphic interface. Since 1993 he embarked on the company in the promotion of multimedia media, especially in the educational field. In addition to Windows, many of the most basic and important concrete programs and applications produced by the company (the Microsoft Office office suite, for example) were always the most sold. Many critical voices emerged that censored its monopolistic position, and on numerous occasions, Microsoft was therefore taken to court by competing companies and governments, but nothing managed to stop its continued ascension. Businessman and philanthropist Gates' talent has been reflected in multiple computer programs, the use of which has spread throughout the world as basic languages of personal computers; but also in the success of a flexible and competitive company, managed with heterodox criteria and with special attention to the selection and motivation of the staff. Gates innovations contributed to the rapid dissemination of the use of personal computing, producing a transcendental technical innovation in the ways of producing, transmitting and consuming information. President George Bush recognized the importance of Gates' work by awarding him the National Medal of Technology in 1992. Its rapid enrichment has been accompanied by a visionary and optimistic discourse on a future transformed by the penetration of computers in all facets of daily life, responding to the dream of introducing a personal computer in each house and in each workplace; This discourse, which encourages a positive attitude towards the great social changes of our time, enjoys a large audience among young people around the world because it comes from the man who symbolizes material success based on the use of intelligence (his book Road to the future It was one of the best sellers in 1995). The detractors of Bill Gates, who are also numerous, reproach him, not without reason, for his lack of creativity (certainly his talent and his innovations are not comparable to those of a Steve Jobs, and rather he followed the paths that the founder of Apple), and also criticize its business policy, stating that it was always based on monopoly and on the absorption of competition or talent on the heels of the book. Critics like to underline a completely real fact, even though it seems like an urban legend: not even the MS-DOS is his work. Bill Gates bought it for $ 50,000 from a Seattle programmer named Tim Paterson, changed his name and handed it over to IBM. Currently, Microsoft is still one of the most valuable companies in the world, despite having lost several battles, especially the Internet and mobile phone operating systems, which is now led by Google (Sergei Brin and Larry Page), another giant as valuable as Microsoft. Faced with the dynamism of the Internet era, in which new ideas like Mark Zuckerberg's Facebook social network quickly emerge and become billionaires, Gates' company seems to have been somewhat stifled, although the solidity of your position Nor is it the exclusive responsibility of Bill Gates, who in the year 2000 ceded Microsoft's executive presidency to Steve Ballmer and became chief software architect to focus on technological aspects. Bill Gates had married Melinda French in 1994, with whom he would have three children. In 2000 he created, together with his wife, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, a charity dedicated to health and education issues whose splendid financial endowment comes mostly from his personal fortune. Not surprisingly, the founder of Microsoft is a regular on the annual lists of Forbes magazine: in 2014 he had already headed fifteen times as the richest man on the planet. In 2008, Bill Gates left Microsoft definitively to devote himself entirely to his work in the foundation, which had received the Prince of Asturias Award for International Cooperation in 2006. If before it was a disputed figure, this new stage as a philanthropist awakens rather unanimous admiration: Like his company, his foundation is the largest in the world in terms of the number of his financial contributions to all kinds of aid, research and development programs. History and Biography of Mark Zuckerberg Mark Zuckerberg (May 14, 1984) programmer and entrepreneur, creator of Facebook. His birth name is Mark Elliot Zuckerberg. He was born in White Plains, United States. His father, Edward Zuckerberg, served as a dentist, and his mother, Karen Kempner, was a psychiatrist. Most of his life was raised in a small village in Westchester County Dobbs: Ferry, New York. His family raised him under the Jewish religion, he had his Bar Mitzvah at age 13. Studied at Ardsley High School, Zuckerberg was an outstanding student. His parents saw that the young man needed a higher quality education, so he was taken to the exclusive private school Phillips Exeter Academy, in New Hampshire, where thanks to his good performance and love for numbers he won awards in mathematics, astronomy, and physics and classical studies One of the things he enjoyed most was attending the Johns Hopkins Center for Talented Youth summer camp, this was a key place where Zuckerberg could unleash his imagination, curiosity, and ingenuity. Zuckerberg could read and write French, Hebrew, Latin, and ancient Greek. Another of his hobbies was training to the fence, and he was the team leader. At the age of 18, he undertook a computer project with a friend named Adam D’Angelo, a former Facebook technical manager, the project was called Synapse Media Player. The program was very successful because it was intended to play music, also provided certain tools such as preference, and previous selections, which made it easier for the user to use. When they began to see the popularity of the program and the good results, important software companies such as Microsoft or Apple, sought to acquire the rights, but finally, nothing came true. Mark independently decided to upload his application to the network, so that users could download it for free. Zuckerberg had the support of several outstanding engineers from Harvard University, some of the characters that helped him were Eduardo Saverin, Dustin Moskovitz, and Chris Hughes. The first was the computer science coordinator, the others were his roommates. In 2002 he entered Harvard University. Two years later, with the help of some colleagues, he launched a new website: the social network Facebook. One of the most famous social networks worldwide today. We must mention that Facebook emerged with the initial intention of creating a network of connections between students at Harvard University. The name of the website was inspired by a newsletter that many universities give their new students to meet other students within the center. Mark took Facebook as a priority to add friends, with whom you could exchange photos and messages, create groups of friends. Each user had a wall to allow friends to write messages. Then several modifications were made to the website. In a short time, Facebook became viral and very popular among young university students. In just two weeks two-thirds of Harvard students had registered on Facebook, and in just months several students from other universities created their user. After a while, Mark Zuckerberg took the opportunity to move to Palo Alto, California, with the intention of founding his first office. The young man had to leave university because Facebook needed his full attention. This idea soon reached companies and schools. Given the success, the programmer decided to expand his services to the general public. In 2006, Facebook had become a worldwide phenomenon, only in countries such as Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States it had some 64 million users. This is also because Facebook was only available in English. By 2008, Facebook diversified and hosted several languages, including French, German and Spanish. After that, its popularity and users grew like foam. In 2007, Forbes magazine published the ranking of the 25 most influential people on the Internet. Zuckerberg, as the site's chief executive, clearly made part of the list. One of his greatest achievements was to sell for 256 million euros to 1.6 percent of the portal to Microsoft. In 2008 Zuckerberg was part of the 1,125 richest men in the world according to Forbes. And also one of the younger wealthy. Its offices in 2008 already occupied four buildings and had about 400 employees; both Viacom and Yahoo !, were interested in buying shares on Facebook.